Out of all the Papyrus, these two documents were able to showcase and inform a great deal about the medical aspect of the ancient Egyptian civilization: The Edwin Smith Papyrus
In 1822 AD, the translation of the rosette stone allowed the interpretation of the ancient hieroglyphics texts which led to the discovery of several medical documents dating back to 3000 BC like: The ever papyrus, the Edwin Smith Papyrus, the berlin & London medical Papyrus, the Hearst Papyrus and countless others which were able to shed some light on the medical advances of the ancient Egyptians.
WHEN WAS PAPYRUS INVENTED PROFESSIONAL
The profession of nurses was also highly respected and honored, nurses could be male or female and there was no evidence for any kind of school or professional training for nursing. In the 1 st dynasty, there were institutions known as houses of life (Per Ankh) that had medical functions and was in inscriptions with physicians and the record shows that in the 19 th dynasty (1292-1189 BC) the employees of the house of life enjoyed medical insurance, pensions, and sick leave. Physicians in ancient Egypt could be male or female as the earliest recorded physician in the world is Hesy-Ra who was the "Chief of Dentists and Physicians" to pharaoh Djoser of the 27th century BC while The lady Peseshet (2400 BC) is the first recorded female doctor who could be the mother of Akhethohep, she is known as Imy-R Swnwt according to her tomb which translates to "Lady overseer of the lady Physicians". The doctors were referred to as "Wabau" which means ritually pure and were treated as priests who know every form of magic. The doctors had many ranks and specialized in every possible field like ophthalmology, gastroenterology, proctology, and dentistry. Many great greek names studied medicine in ancient Egypt at the temple of Amenhotep such as Galen and Hippocrates, Herophilos and many others who acknowledged the contribution of ancient Egyptian civilization to Greek medicine and were able to study the Egyptian symbols, texts, beliefs and pass it.ĭuring ancient Egypt, the medical profession had its own hierarchy as the profession was in third place after the chief medical officer and the inspector of physicians. In 440 BC, the Greek historian Herodotus wrote extensively of the advance medicinal practices of the Egyptians and also Pliny the Elder wrote in favor the Egyptian doctors.
One of the documents was a passage of the Odyssey in 800 BC where he states "the Egyptian men are more skilled in medicine than any of humankind" and "the Egyptians were skilled in medicine more than any of other art forms".
The art of medicine of the ancient Egyptian is extensively documented from the 33 rd century BC until 525 BC. The level of their advanced practices and traits was mind-blowing as they understood that any illness or a wound can be tread by using Pharmaceutical more than 3000 years ago, recognized the potential healing abilities in massage and aromas, had male and female doctors who specialized in different areas of medicine and more importantly understood the importance of cleanliness while treating the patients which indicated their early understanding for the concept of germs which was later confirmed in the 19 th century CE, all these factors and medical procedures led the mortality rate in ancient Egypt to be less than any European hospital in the Christian era until the mid 20 th century.
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